You really should read the explanatory documents on the site (scaling/uai section), luigi_000.
Yes, the fifth kid will pull the other moderated assessment marks down slightly, because he or she will lower the mean. If they are clearly an outlier, though, they may be initially excluded from the moderation process (in which case the other marks would not be pulled down). It's not clear how the Board determines whether a student is an outlier or not.