Ratzinger [&] Nietzsche, the father of postmodernism... both reject outright Kant's notion of pure reason.
His attitude to many contemporary forms of worship - which he calls "parish tea party liturgies" - is that they are forms of apostasy that trivialise the sacred and that he directly likens to the Hebrews' worship of the golden calf.
"Ratzinger has focused on practices (that) diminish the possibilities of the soul or the self, for its own transcendence. The marketing of vulgar art, music and literature and the generation of a very low, even barbaric, mass culture is seen by Ratzinger to be one of the serious pathologies of contemporary Western culture. By this reading, clerics who think that they will win young people to the church by adopting the marketing strategies of public relations firms and attempting a transposition of the church's cultural patrimony into the idioms of contemporary mass culture are only further diminishing the opportunities of youth for genuine self-transcendence."
"utility music" derived from 1960s youth culture. He says: "A church which only makes use of utility music has fallen for what is, in fact, useless. She too becomes ineffectual... The church must not settle down with what is merely comfortable and serviceable at the parish level; she must arouse the voice of the cosmos and, by glorifying the creator, elicit the glory of the cosmos itself, making it also glorious, beautiful, habitable and beloved... The church is to transform, improve, humanise the world, but how can she do that if at the same time she turns her back on beauty, which is so closely allied to love? For together beauty and love form the true consolation in this world, bringing it as near as possible to the world of the resurrection."
"It is perhaps on this point more than any other that Ratzinger is at the greatest distance from the Protestant traditions and also from those in his own church who have accepted the Protestant belief that beauty is the concern of the Pharisee or the liberation theologian's belief that a love of beauty is somehow tied up with a bourgeois indifference to the plight of the poor. He has no empathy with the Protestant hostility to beauty."
..."Anyone enamoured of beauty will shiver in the barn of the Reformation and feel the pull of Rome."... "One of the problems of the moment, however, is that the average poor soul shivering in the barn of the Reformation will find it just as cold in the barn of many Catholic parishes."
Those who make a habit of complaining about that chill are often dismissed as elitists, people who live in the past, old-world romantics, aesthetes and snobs. However, according to Rowland, Ratzinger's view is that they simply have a Catholic sensibility, which is not the exclusive property of any particular social class or rank. He says: "The richness of the liturgy is not the richness of some priestly caste: it is the wealth of all, including the poor, who in fact long for it and do not at all find it a stumbling block."
Rowland sees the Pope's campaign as purging contemporary liturgy of its self-preoccupation (mass considered primarily as people sharing in a community meal) and emphasising the vertical dimension (mass as the eucharistic sacrifice and a close, embodied encounter with the triune God).
Along with ugliness and banality in worship, Benedict takes a stern line on exotic imports such as dancing and clapping. Rowland notes that the Pope has said "dancing is not a form of expression for the Christian liturgy" and "he describes as absurd the practice of introducing dance pantomimes, which frequently end with applause. He suggests that 'wherever applause breaks out in the liturgy because of some human achievement, it is a sure sign that the essence of the liturgy has totally disappeared and been replaced by a kind of religious entertainment'."
Previous World Youth Days have often involved dancing, clapping, jazz, pop and utility music, along with a variety of other exotic cultural imports. It will be interesting to see how attentively the organisers of the Sydney event have followed the Pope's liturgical example and precepts. Will the people planning the ceremonies be judged as part of the problem or part of the solution?