Went to Japan from November 10th - December 11th in 2005. It was heaps good.
Stayed with a host family for a month in the Okayama area. The food was interesting, and if you don't like rice (like I don't) then your screwed.
Theres convenient stores everywhere, as well as vending machines (there is at least a couple every 20metres. honest) which are really handy. They have Fanta and Coke and Diet Coke in their vending machines too btw. Ambasa is also a Japanese drink they have in their vending machines which tastes like creaming soda - not too bad either.
Yep the JR Rail Passes are really good. Once I thought I lost my rail pass in Kyoto, and for a one way trip which would take about an hour on the bullet train, it was going to cost me about $200. So by paying $360 for unlimited use of any JR train/ferry in japan, it is worth it.
They have McDonalds, KFC, "Mister Donut". Everything is in english pretty much (all of the shop names are). Umm...yepp some general dos and donts I picked up:
DONT EVER use sarcasm (they don't get sarcasm. got me in to a sticky situation once)
Dont blow your nose in public.
Dont walk and eat/drink at the same time, its like eating with your mouth open in Australia.
Dont dispresect their culture (especially in temples and shrines)
Generally, if you try to speak a little Japanese, even if it sucks like mine did at first, they will "bend over backwards" for you one might say...
Koire wa doko desu ka? - "how much is this?"
That is not how much is this. How much is this is "kore wa ikura desu ka?"
You basically said "where is this?"...but the other 2 phrases were good! Japanese is very difficult so to pick up anything at all is great work
Oh and if anyone is going to Japan, some phrases/words you should know are:
daijoobu = alright (they say daijoobu everywhere you go. very annoying)
daijoobu desu ka? = are you alright/ok?
kawaii = cute (all the girls say this one)
jihanki = vending machine
wakarimsen = i dont understand
kudasai = please
arigatoo = thankyou
sumimasen = excuse me (say it before asking for directions)
sumimasen ga, -place- wa doko desu ka? (excuse me but, where is -place-?