Summary of Social and Ethical Issues (1 Viewer)

[mty10]

Found a HUGE document (well, medium) that will help anyone stuck on finding a social/ethical issue for their system.

I'TS FROM RIGHT HERE AYE

there is some weird html/bb code formatting in this post so if its gon' crazy, uh, DEAL. The link to the original is Right up there.

Summary of Social and Ethical Issues

• privacy of the individual – security of data and information
• accuracy of data and information
• changing nature of work
• appropriate information use
• health and safety
• copyright laws

Social and ethical issues in collecting

• bias in the choice of what and where to collect data
• accuracy of the collected data
• copyright and acknowledgment of source data when collecting
• the rights to privacy of individuals on whom data is collected
• ergonomic issues for participants entering large volumes of data into an information system

Social and ethical issues associated with organising

• current trends in organising data, such as:
• the increase in hypermedia as a result of the world wide web
• the ability of software to access different types of data
• a greater variety of ways to organise resulting from advances in display technology
• the cost of poorly organised data, such as redundant data in a database used for mail-outs
• the appropriateness of a two digit date field at a time when storage and processing was more expensive, versus the current inappropriateness

Social and ethical issues associated with analysis

• unauthorised analysis of data
• data incorrectly analysed
• erosion of privacy from linking databases for analysis

Social and ethical issues associated with storing/retrieving

• the security of stored data
• unauthorised retrieval of data
• advances in storage and retrieval technologies and new uses such as data matching

Social and ethical issues associated with processing

• types of computers on networks
• flexibility from the distributed processing of personal computers on networks
• security from the centralised processing of network computers (terminals)
• ownership of processed data
• bias in the way participants in the system process data

Social and ethical issues associated with transmitting and receiving

• accuracy of data received from the Internet
• security of data being transferred
• net-etiquette
• acknowledgment of data source
• global network issues, time zones, date fields, exchange rates
• changing nature of work for participants, such as work from home and telecommuting
• current developments and future trends in digital communications, radio and television
• the impact of the Internet on traditional business

Social and ethical issues associated with displaying

• communication skills of those presenting displays
• past, present and emerging trends in displays
• appropriate displays for a wide range of audiences, including:
• standards for display for the visually impaired
• displays suitable for young children

Social and ethical issues associated with Planning, Design and Implementation

• machine-centred systems simplify what computers do at the expense of participants
• human-centred systems as those that make participants’ work as effective and satisfying as possible
• how the relationships between participants change as a result of the new system
• ensuring the new system provides participants with a safe work environment
• awareness of the impact the system may have on the participants:
  
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• opportunities to use their skills
  
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• meaningful work
  
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• need for change
  
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• opportunities for involvement and commitment

Social and ethical issues related to information systems and databases

• acknowledgment of data sources
• the freedom of information act
• privacy principles
• accuracy of data and the reliability of data sources
• access to data, ownership and control of data
• new trends in the organisation, processing, storage and retrieval of data such as data warehousing and data-mining

Social and ethical issues related to communication systems

• the use of communication systems to share knowledge, not just data
• issues related to messaging systems
  
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• ideas delivered by this means appear less forceful and caring than ideas delivered personally
  
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• danger of being misinterpreted
  
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• power relationships
  
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• privacy and confidentiality
  
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• electronic junk mail
  
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• information overload

• implications of Internet trading including:
  
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• local taxation laws
  
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• employment ramifications
  
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• nature of business
• trading over the Internet and its commercial implications
• the difficulties of censoring content on the Internet
• issues arising from Internet banking, including:
  
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• security of banking details
  
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• changing nature of work
  
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• branch closure and job loss
• the removal of physical boundaries by enabling:
  
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• work from home
  
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• virtual organisations, ie organisations structured around the communication system
  
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• removal of national and international barriers to trade
• how participants are supported:
  
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• individuals by providing a means for communication
  
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• participant teams by enabling the exchange of ideas and data
  
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• the emerging trend of accessing media such as radio and video across the Internet

Social and ethical issues related to multimedia systems

• copyright: the acknowledgment of source data and the ease with which digital data can be modified
• appropriate use of the Internet and the wide spread application of new developments on it such as live video data
• the merging of radio, television, communications and the Internet with the increase and improvements in digitisation
• the integrity of the original source data in educational and other multimedia systems

Social and ethical issues related to transaction processing systems

• changing nature of work and the effect on participants, including:
  
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• the automation of jobs once performed by clerks
  
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• the bypassing of clerks by people in the environment performing their former roles
  
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• (Eg collecting now done by customers using the bank's ATM machines instead of via the bank clerk)
  
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• the need for non-computer procedures to deal with transactions when the computer is not available in real time systems
• bias in data collection:
  
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• when establishing the system and deciding what data to collect
  
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• when collecting data
• the importance of data in transaction processing, including:
  
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• data security
  
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• data accuracy
  
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• data integrity
  
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• control in transaction processing and the implications it has for participants in the system