Depends on which metals you alloy. Different metals have different properties and the aim of alloying is to achieve the desireable qualities from each metal(s) being alloyed. There is no straightforward simple answer that fits all alloys.
Schlenker and Mckern Mechanics book and the Materials book
and also the two Copeland books (HSC and Prelim)
Personally I've also gotten the Excel Senior Engineering book and it's alright.
Also why would you want to have short, concise notes when you don't know the reasoning behind things? From...